Quantum computing and how to start with it!

Quantum computing is the science of processing and manipulating information using the principles of quantum mechanics. The difference between classical and quantum computing is that classical computers use binary digits (bits) to represent information, whereas quantum computers use quantum bits (qubits).

A qubit can exist in multiple states simultaneously, which is known as superposition. This is in contrast to classical bits, which can only be in one of two states, 0 or 1. In addition, qubits can be entangled, which means that the state of one qubit can affect the state of another, even if they are physically far apart.

One of the most famous examples of quantum computing is Shor’s algorithm, which can efficiently factor large numbers that are very difficult to factor using classical algorithms. This has important implications for cryptography, as many encryption algorithms are based on the difficulty of factoring large numbers.

Another example is Grover’s algorithm, which can efficiently search an unsorted database. This has potential applications in fields such as data mining and optimization.

How to start with Quantum Computing?

There are programming languages that are suitable for quantum computing, including:

Qiskit: Qiskit is an open-source framework developed by IBM that allows you to run quantum circuits on real quantum hardware or simulators. Qiskit is written in Python, which is a popular language for scientific computing.

Cirq: Cirq is an open-source framework developed by Google that allows you to create, edit, and run quantum circuits. Cirq is written in Python and is designed to be used with Google’s quantum hardware.

QuTiP: QuTiP is an open-source Python library for simulating quantum dynamics. It provides functions for solving the Schrödinger equation, simulating the evolution of quantum systems, and calculating observables.